华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 86-101.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.06.008

• 改革与发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

中小学校长培训政策的变迁历程、演进逻辑及发展前瞻——基于新中国成立以来的78份政策文本分析

郅庭瑾, 刘文萍   

  1. 华东师范大学教育学部,上海 200062
  • 出版日期:2024-06-01 发布日期:2024-04-25

The Change, Evolution and Future Development of the Training Policy for Primary and Secondary School Principals: Based on the Analysis of 78 Policy Texts Since the Founding of The People's Republic of China

Tingjin Zhi, Wenping Liu   

  1. Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Online:2024-06-01 Published:2024-04-25

摘要:

新中国成立以来,国家先后出台了78份与校长培训相关的教育政策。本研究从政策工具理论的分析视角出发,采用文本计量的研究方法,将七十多年来的校长培训政策发展划分为“曲折探索阶段”(1949—1976年)、“建章立制阶段”(1977—1989年)、“确保合格阶段”(1990—1999年)、“公平发展阶段”(2000—2012年)、“卓越引领阶段”(2013年至今)。在这些政策演进的背后,呈现出了几条清晰的逻辑脉络:政策供给从行政权威指导走向专业能力建设,价值导向从改造教育走向培养卓越校长提升教育质量,目标指向从岗位需要走向国家标准规范引领,政策执行从注重培训模式总结走向追求教育思想生成。未来校长培训的发展,要创新培训的模式体系,通过技术赋能推行数字化培训,更新专业标准并优化课程方案,构建培养教育家型校长的培训考核评价体制。

关键词: 校长培训, 教育政策, 历史变迁, 演进逻辑, 发展前瞻

Abstract:

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the national government has issued 78 education policies related to the training of principals. From the perspective of policy tools and using the bibliometrics analysis, this paper found that the transformation process of China’s principals training policy over the seventy years can be divided into five stages: the "torturous exploration" stage from 1949 to 1976; the "establishment of rules and regulations" stage from 1977 to 1989; "ensuring being qualified" stage from 1990 to 1999; the "fair development" stage from 2000-2012; and "leading education to excellence stage" since 2013. The logic of the evolution of the principals’ training policy can be described as follows: in terms of policy supply, from administrative authority guidance to professional capacity building; in terms of policy value orientation, from reforming education to cultivating excellent principals to improve education; in terms of policy goal orientation, from post needs to national standards and norms guidance; in terms of policy implementation, from focusing on the summary of training models to pursuing the generation of educational ideas. The development of the future principal training presents the four trend characteristics: innovating the training mode system; promoting digital training through technology-enabled means; updating professional standards and optimizing curriculum programs; constructing the training assessment and evaluation for cultivating educationist-oriented principals.

Key words: principal training, education policy, historical changes, evolution logic, future development