华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 1-17.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.04.001

• 特稿 •    下一篇

2019年全国高校毕业生就业状况实证研究

岳昌君, 夏洁, 邱文琪   

  1. 北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所,北京 100871
  • 发布日期:2020-04-13
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“经济新常态下的教育与劳动力市场的相互作用研究”(16JJD880005)

An Empirical Study on Graduates’ Employment: Based on 2019 National Survey

Yue Changjun, Xia Jie, Qiu Wenqi   

  1. Graduate School of Education/Institute of Economics of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Published:2020-04-13

摘要: 本文基于2019年17个省区市32所高校的抽样调查数据,对高校毕业生就业状况进行了实证分析。研究发现:(1)2019年高校毕业生整体落实率为80.1%,与2017年相比,毕业生单位就业的比例有所下降,而待就业的比例上升,国内升学的比例也明显上升,就业难度加大;(2)从就业分布来看,毕业生更倾向于在东部地区和北上广等地区就业,在大中城市就业的比例超过80%,教育成为就业占比最大的行业,民营企业仍然是吸纳毕业生最多的单位类型;(3)人力资本依然是影响高校毕业生求职结果和起薪水平的重要因素。同时,家庭背景、学校背景以及地区间、行业间劳动力市场差异,对毕业生求职、起薪、就业满意度也产生着重要影响。

关键词: 高校毕业生, 就业状况, 求职结果, 起薪, 就业满意度

Abstract: Based on the sample data from 2019 National Survey of 32 universities in 17 provinces and cities, this paper conducts an empirical analysis on the employment of college graduates. It is found that: (1) The overall placement rate of college graduates in 2019 is 80.1%. Compared with 2017, the proportion of graduates in employment declines, while proportions of waiting for employment and going to college increase, making employment more difficult. (2) From the perspective of employment distribution, graduates still prefer to work in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities in eastern China. The proportion working in large and medium-sized cities exceeds 80%. Education and private enterprises absorb the most graduates. (3) Human capital is still an important factor affecting college graduates' job-hunting outcomes and starting salary. Meanwhile, family background, school background and labor market differences between regions and industries also have a significant impact on graduates' job hunting, starting salary and job satisfaction.

Key words: college graduates, employment situation, job-hunting outcomes, starting salary, job satisfaction