华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 81-98.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.12.006

• 高等教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国研究生教育师生关系调查研究

马杰, 别敦荣   

  1. 厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心 厦门 361005
  • 出版日期:2021-12-01 发布日期:2021-11-23
  • 基金资助:
    中国学位与研究生教育学会委托课题“中国研究生教育的导师与学生关系研究”

An Exploration on Supervisor–postgraduate Relationship in China

Jie Ma, Dunrong Bie   

  1. Center for Higher Education Development Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
  • Online:2021-12-01 Published:2021-11-23

摘要:

研究生与导师的关系影响着研究生教育质量。我国研究生教育师生关系类型正在由单一走向多元。国内已有的理论文献和实证研究对研究生教育师生关系类型的探讨多从导师与研究生的角色来构建和调查师生关系的类型。本研究旨在突破既有研究事先设定师生关系类型的角色模式,将师生关系置于基本的人际交流行为理论框架,从影响力(influence)和亲密性(proximity)两个维度来设计和调查研究生和导师双视角下师生关系的“权威-平等”和“疏离-紧密”程度,以及由此构成的不同师生关系类型,并在此基础上分析师生个体背景、互动情况以及环境条件等因素与不同师生关系类型的关系。通过对3903位研究生和865位导师调查发现,平等紧密型是研究生教育师生关系的主要类型,与此同时,轻度平等疏离型和高度权威疏离型也有一定的表现;研究生和导师的群体类别特征与师生关系类型弱相关,甚至不相关;一定的交流频次和时长与高度平等紧密型的师生关系关联性大;在研究生看来积极支持的环境制度条件与平等紧密型的师生关系关联性大。

关键词: 研究生教育, 师生关系, 导师, 研究生

Abstract:

The supervisor-postgraduate relationship plays a role in the quality of postgraduate education. The mode of supervisor-postgraduate relationship is moving from unity to diversity. Existent literature tends to conceptualize the supervisor and postgraduate as particular roles respectively and thus construct their relationship. This study attempts to move beyond the above literature focusing on the role play in constructing supervisor-postgraduate relationship and look at their relationship from an interpersonal perspective. Drawing upon Leary’s interpersonal circle constructed by Influence and Proximity as two axes, the study explores how these two dimensions are evaluated by both supervisors and postgraduates and thereafter types of supervisor-postgraduate relationship generated from the two axes, and the correlations between types of supervisor- postgraduate relationship and supervisors as well as students’ backgrounds, interaction, and the surrounding climate and conditions. Our study surveyed 3,903 supervisors and 865 postgraduates, and found that the supervisor-postgraduate relationship largely fell into the category of “equal and close” one, with “slightly equal but distant” one and “highly authoritative and distant” one co-existing. However, there seem poor correlations between different types of supervisor-postgraduate relationship and supervisors and students’ backgrounds; certain frequency and length of interaction seem to more correlate with “highly equal and close” supervisor-postgraduate relationship; and for postgraduate students, supportive climate and conditions regarding funding and wellbeing appear to more correlate with “equal and close” supervisor-postgraduate relationship.

Key words: postgraduate education, supervisor-postgraduate relationship, supervisor, postgraduate