协作能力：中国青少年社会与情感能力测评分报告之三

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

协作能力是社会与情感能力的重要组成部分，在OECD的研究框架下包含共情、信任和合作3项能力。本研究基于苏州市10岁组和15岁组学生参与OECD社会与情感能力测评的数据，采用描述统计、差异检验和回归分析等方法对苏州学生的协作能力表现予以呈现。研究发现：协作能力在年龄、性别、城乡上存在显著性差异；有14个变量对协作能力具有显著正向影响，包括家庭拥有物、家庭藏书量、安全感、朋友关系、好习惯朋友、室内活动时间、室外活动时间、师生关系、学校归属感、学校合作氛围、校外活动、理解型母亲、理解型父亲、家长高期望；另有2 个变量具有显著负向影响，包括上网时间、亲子问题；协作能力对亲近家人、亲近他人、健康和主观幸福感4个生活结果变量具有正向影响。因此，培养学生协作能力需要科学而精准的政策支持。

关键词: 协作能力, 共情, 信任, 合作, 社会与情感能力测评

Abstract:

Collaboration is an important part of social and emotional skills. Under the research framework of OECD, it includes three skills: empathy, trust and co-operation. Based on the data of 10-year-old and 15-year-old students’ participation in OECD Social and Emotional Skills Study in Suzhou, this paper presents the emotional regulation performance of Suzhou students by using descriptive statistics, difference test and regression analysis. The study finds that there are considerable gaps on collaboration scores with respect to age, gender, and location. There are 14 significantly positive predictors of students’ collaboration scores (home possessions, books at home, safety, friendship, well-behaved friends, daily activities indoor, daily activities outdoor, relationship with teachers, sense of belonging to school, climate co-operation, extracurricular activities, understanding mother, understanding father, and perfectionism parents), and two significantly negative predictors (daily activities online, problems with parents). Students’ collaboration scores are significantly positive predictors of four life outcome variables, including overall health, closeness to family, closeness to others, subjective wellbeing. Therefore, the cultivation of students’ collaboration should be given more scientific and accurate policy support.

Key words: collaboration, empathy, trust, co-operation, study on social and emotional skills(SSES)

唐一鹏, 郑杰, 孙晓雪, 黄忠敬. 协作能力：中国青少年社会与情感能力测评分报告之三[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2021, 39(9): 62-76.

Yipeng Tang, Jie Zheng, Xiaoxue Sun, Zhongjing Huang. Collaboration: Report on the Study on Social and Emotional Skills of Chinese Adolescence (III)[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2021, 39(9): 62-76.

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	10岁组			15岁组
	学生自评	家长评定	教师评定	学生自评	家长评定	教师评定
共情	674.57±113.46	611.87±98.22	2.65±0.70	599.96±82.47	613.61±92.03	2.66±0.58
信任	652.46±123.53	636.76±98.96	2.72±0.61	575.24±87.12	627.63±93.70	2.64±0.53
合作	674.22±110.73	642.74±97.27	2.88±0.69	604.33±83.65	638.80±97.70	2.84±0.56

		10岁组			15岁组
		共情	信任	合作	共情	信任	合作
协作能力	共情	1.00	0.51	0.76	1.00	0.53	0.75
	信任	0.51	1.00	0.55	0.53	1.00	0.64
	合作	0.76	0.55	1.00	0.75	0.64	1.00
任务能力	自控力	0.60	0.32	0.58	0.47	0.28	0.44
	责任感	0.65	0.42	0.67	0.59	0.42	0.63
	毅力	0.67	0.42	0.69	0.57	0.48	0.61
情绪调节	抗压力	0.44	0.34	0.50	0.34	0.42	0.37
	乐观	0.60	0.54	0.62	0.51	0.59	0.58
	情绪控制	0.59	0.42	0.61	0.48	0.47	0.52
开放能力	包容度	0.57	0.42	0.58	0.50	0.36	0.51
	好奇心	0.63	0.45	0.67	0.52	0.45	0.58
	创造力	0.60	0.37	0.60	0.52	0.34	0.49
交往能力	乐群	0.61	0.49	0.63	0.64	0.51	0.65
	果敢	0.36	0.19	0.35	0.37	0.16	0.32
	活力	0.55	0.41	0.58	0.52	0.48	0.55

年龄组	子能力	均值差（R – C）	Cohen’s d	P值
10岁组	共情	?28	?0.25	<0.01
	信任	?23	?0.19	<0.01
	合作	?24	?0.22	<0.01
15岁组	共情	?14	?0.17	<0.01
	信任	?7	?0.09	0.09
	合作	?15	?0.18	<0.01

性别	子能力	均值差（H – V）	Cohen’s d	P值
男	共情	5.04	0.05	0.27
	信任	2.56	0.02	0.60
	合作	?4.39	?0.04	0.33
女	共情	0.00	0.00	1
	信任	?0.46	0.00	0.93
	合作	2.95	0.03	0.55

		共情			信任			合作
		系数	t值	P值	系数	t值	P值	系数	t值	P值
10岁组	女生	0.07	23.89	<0.01	0.00	0.73	0.47	0.05	17.05	<0.01
	月龄	?0.02	?6.42	<0.01	?0.04	?12.04	<0.01	?0.01	?2.23	0.03
	父母最高学历	?0.01	?2.56	0.01	0.01	4.22	<0.01	0.00	?0.33	0.74
	家庭拥有物	0.25	73.99	<0.01	0.18	52.54	<0.01	0.25	75.04	<0.01
	家庭设备	0.02	6.00	<0.01	?0.02	?5.41	<0.01	?0.01	?4.00	<0.01
	家庭藏书量	0.11	30.85	<0.01	0.05	13.12	<0.01	0.12	33.84	<0.01
15岁组	女生	?0.04	?9.10	<0.01	?0.06	?13.28	<0.01	?0.03	?5.95	<0.01
	月龄	0.00	?0.30	0.76	?0.01	?1.79	0.07	?0.01	?2.32	0.02
	父母最高学历	0.03	7.03	<0.01	0.03	6.74	<0.01	0.03	6.56	<0.01
	家庭拥有物	0.18	35.49	<0.01	0.14	27.65	<0.01	0.15	30.91	<0.01
	家庭设备	0.03	5.74	<0.01	?0.06	?12.36	<0.01	0.00	?0.54	0.59
	家庭藏书量	0.05	9.26	<0.01	0.02	3.81	<0.01	0.06	11.69	<0.01