华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 78-89.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.09.008

• 智能化学习与教学创新 • 上一篇    下一篇

AI与人类智能在知识生产中的博弈与融合及其对教育的启示

郝祥军, 贺雪   

  1. 华东师范大学教育信息技术系,上海 200062
  • 接受日期:2022-05-30 出版日期:2022-09-01 发布日期:2022-08-24
  • 基金资助:
    2019年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“人工智能促进未来教育发展研究”(19ZDA364)

The Game and Integration between AI and Human in Knowledge Production and its Enlightenment to Education

Xiangjun Hao, Xue He   

  1. Department of Educational Information Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Accepted:2022-05-30 Online:2022-09-01 Published:2022-08-24

摘要:

人类自制造石器开始就致力于运用工具解放自己。人工智能作为人造技术工具,已经进入社会多个领域,参与人类知识生产活动,正逐渐分担着人类的体力乃至脑力劳动,并表现出很强的自主性特征。人类与人工智能势必会进行一番“博弈”,以维护自身主体性。研究从知识生产主体的改变、知识生产方式的改变以及知识呈现形态的改变三个方面分析了人工智能参与知识生产活动的现状,并基于此辨析了人工智能与人类智能的特征差异。研究认为,人工智能与人类智能的博弈会在高度分工的趋势下走向人与机器的“握手言和”,化“零和”为“双赢”,通过外部的人机协作以及内部的人机融合智能两种路径迈向新的发展阶段。最后,人工智能再造知识生产流程,改变了社会对人才的需求,也引起了教育的思考,研究总结了三点启示以讨论未来教育的着力点。

关键词: 人工智能, 人类智能, 知识生产, 人机协作, 未来教育

Abstract:

Since making stone tools, humans have been committed to using tools to liberate themselves. As an artificial technology tool, artificial intelligence has entered many fields of society and participated in human knowledge production activities. It is gradually sharing the physical and even mental labor of human and showing strong characteristics of autonomy. Therefore, humans and artificial intelligence are bound to engage in a “game” to maintain their own subjectivity. This paper analyzes the current situation of artificial intelligence participating in knowledge production activities from three aspects: the change of the subject of knowledge production, the change of the methods of knowledge production and the change of the form of knowledge presentation, and analyzes the characteristics and differences between artificial intelligence and human intelligence based on this. It is believed that the game between artificial intelligence and human intelligence will move towards the “handshake and reconciliation” between human and machine under the trend of high division of labor, turning “zero-sum” into “win-win”, and reaching a new stage of development through external man-machine cooperation and internal man-machine intelligence integration. Finally, artificial intelligence reconstructs the knowledge production process, which changes the society’s demand for talents, and also causes the thinking on education. The study summarizes three points of inspiration to discuss the focus of future education.

Key words: artificial intelligence, human intelligence, knowledge production, human-machine collaboration, future education