华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 26-40.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.05.003

• 高等教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

高等教育与经济高质量发展:机制、路径与贡献

黄海刚1, 毋偲奇2, 曲越3   

  1. 1. 对外经济贸易大学国家对外开放研究院,北京 100029
    2. 对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院,北京 100029
    3. 山东科技大学经济管理学院,山东青岛 266590
  • 出版日期:2023-05-01 发布日期:2023-04-26
  • 基金资助:
    北京教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度重点课题“北京高层次人才集聚度及其效应研究”(AAAA2020048)

Higher Education and High-quality Economic Development: Mechanism, Path and Contribution

Haigang Huang1, Siqi Wu2, Yue Qu3   

  1. 1. Academy of China Open Economy Studies, University of International and Business Economics, Beijing 100029, China
    2. School of International Trade and Economics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China
    3. School of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
  • Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-04-26

摘要:

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。提升高等教育在经济高质量发展中的作用和效率,既是教育领域落实二十大精神的重要任务,也是加快建设高质量教育体系的应有之义。本文以2000—2019年中国31省份面板数据为依托,通过构建高等教育的直接效应、间接效应和互补效应模型,基于“高等教育—人力资本、技术、产业—经济高质量发展”传导链条分析高等教育对经济高质量发展的贡献及其实现机制。研究表明,高等教育对经济高质量发展具有正向贡献,且这种经济效应表现出显著的地区异质性。高等教育对经济质量贡献度从大到小依次为西部地区、中部地区和东部地区,人力资本投入边际收益递减、产业转移以及教育政策支持等因素共同促使了高等教育在中西部地区经济发展中较强的提质增效作用。进一步机制检验发现,高等教育能够通过人力资本积累、推动技术创新以及发挥与产业结构的互补效应等路径多维度促进经济高质量发展。

关键词: 高等教育, 高质量发展, 创新驱动, 经济增长

Abstract:

To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must, first and foremost, pursue high-quality development. Improving the role and efficiency of higher education in high-quality economic development is not only an important task to implement the spirit of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in the field of education, but also a proper meaning to accelerate the construction of high-quality education system. Based on panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, this paper analyzes the contribution of higher education to high-quality economic development and its realization mechanism based on the transmission chain of “higher education-human capital, technology, industry-high-quality economic development” by building the direct effect, indirect effect and complementary effect models of higher education. The research shows that higher education has a positive contribution to high-quality economic development, and this economic effect shows significant regional heterogeneity. The contribution of higher education to economic quality is in the order of western region, central region and eastern region from large to small. Factors such as diminishing marginal return of human capital investment, industrial transfer and education policy support jointly promote the strong role of higher education in improving quality and efficiency in the economic development of central and western regions. Further mechanism inspection found that higher education could promote high-quality economic development through multi-dimensional paths such as human capital accumulation, promoting technological innovation and giving play to the complementary effect with industrial structure.

Key words: higher education, high quality development, innovation driven, economic growth