“数据驱动的精准教学”何以可能？——基于培养教师数据智慧的视角

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.08.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

精准教学的教育理念已成为各国共识，智慧教育环境下海量多模态学习数据的生成也使数据驱动的精准教学范式转变成为可能，但目前运用数据解决复杂教学问题的实践存在许多挑战，其突破点在于培养教师的数据智慧。本文从教师数据智慧的角度回答了三个问题：是什么、如何培养以及有哪些影响因素。首先，数据智慧是教学实践经验、数据分析技能、学习科学理论三者的有机整合，其内涵在于数据到智慧的递进转化；在明晰数据智慧的实现路径是掌握数据探究循环的基础上，回应了“培养什么”的问题，并构建了从职前准备到职后发展的培养路径，即在职前阶段弱化学科界限、革新课程体系、创设“实境”学习环境，在职后阶段创新培训模式、组建数据实践共同体，在协作探究和反思性实践中发展集体数据智慧；最后，考虑到数据智慧的培养是一个复杂的、多方联动的动态过程，对其影响因素和作用机制进行了剖析，为教师数据智慧的培养策略提供借鉴，并提出了善用数据智慧的观点。

关键词: 数据智慧, 教师, 精准教学, 数据探究, 培养路径

Abstract:

The concept of precision teaching has become an international consensus, and wisdom education environment generating huge amounts of multimodal learning also make data-driven precision teaching paradigm possible. However, there are still many challenges in the practice of using data to solve complex teaching problem, the breakthrough is to cultivate teachers’ data wisdom. This article answers three questions from the perspective of teachers’ data wisdom: what is it, how to cultivate it, and what are the influencing factors. First of all, data wisdom is the integration of teaching practice experience, data analysis skills and learning sciences. Its connotation lies in the progressive transformation from data to wisdom. On the basis of clarifying that the realization path of data wisdom is to master the cycle of data inquiry, this paper answers the question of “what” to cultivate, and constructs the cultivating path from pre-service to in-service. In the pre-service stage, we should weaken the discipline boundaries, reform the curriculum system, and create a “reality” learning environment. In the in-service stage, we should innovate training pattern, establish data practice community, and develop collective data wisdom in collaborative inquiry and reflective practice. Finally, considering that the cultivation of data wisdom is a complex and multi-lateral dynamic process, this paper analyzes the influencing factors and mechanism of data wisdom, provides a reference for the cultivation strategy of teachers' data wisdom, and puts forward the viewpoint of making good use of data wisdom.

Key words: data wisdom, teacher, precision teaching, data inquiry cycle, cultivating path

彭晓玲, 吴忭. “数据驱动的精准教学”何以可能？——基于培养教师数据智慧的视角[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2021, 39(8): 45-56.

Xiaoling Peng, Bian Wu. How is data-driven precision teaching possible? From the perspective of cultivating teacher’s data wisdom[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2021, 39(8): 45-56.

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